Yes there are a lot more of these words descended from the Proto Indo European bher-,
to carry. And we’re going to look at
them.
Even if they sound nothing like -fer, a lot of these words do vaguely
sound like bher-. The first is bear—but not the animal, which is from a
completely different Proto Indo European bher- (these words have been
homonyms forever). Bear comes from the Old English beran,
to bear, bring, or give birth to. It’s
from the Proto Germanic beranan, which of course is from
bher-. Also related is barrow—like a wheel barrow. It showed up in the
fourteenth century and thought to also
be from beran. I’m trying to think whether I’ve ever heard just barrow, but I can’t come up with anything.
Bring is also a -fer word somehow. It comes from the Old English bringan, to bring,
from the Proto Germanic brangjanan. Before that is kind of a question
mark, but it is thought to (somehow) be descended from bher-, which also means
to carry, which is generally what you do when you bring something. But you
know, this is etymology after all. It could just be random.
Next, burden. It comes from the Old English byrþen, which sounds pretty close to burden (it has more of a th than a d)
and also means burden. It’s from the Proto Germanic burthinjo, something
borne, which is from bher-. Because you carry your burdens. Finally, there’s
also cumber—though these days it’s mostly only found in cumbersome. It showed
up during the fourteenth century (with
cumbersome in the late fourteenth century),
from the Old French encombrer and combre, barrier or obstruction. It’s from
the Vulgar Latin comboros, something carried together,
a mix of the prefix com- together, and
bher. Cumbersome is… carried together??? No, I don’t get it either. Though for
the record, cucumber isn’t related at all. It’s totally its own thing.
Sources
Online Etymology Dictionary
University of Texas at Austin Linguistic Research Center
University of Texas at San Antonio’s page on Proto Indo European language
Tony Jebson’s page on the Origins of Old English
Old English-English Dictionary
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Online Etymology Dictionary
University of Texas at Austin Linguistic Research Center
University of Texas at San Antonio’s page on Proto Indo European language
Tony Jebson’s page on the Origins of Old English
Old English-English Dictionary
Encyclopaedia Britannica
I was just going to ask about cucumber.
ReplyDeleteThese are weird.
ReplyDeleteSo to bear something and the animal bear are just homonyms and have been forever. That's just... I mean... Of all the weird things...
ReplyDelete