Language Of Confusion: Warning, Etymology Ahead, Part III

Final post of words descended from the Proto Indo European wer-, to cover, which gave us warning. And a lot of other words you wouldn’t think it gave.
 
First this week, we’re going back to words beginning with G: guarantee showed up in the late seventeenth century as a noun and over a century later as a verb. Originally, it was spelled garrant in English and used to refer to the person making the guarantee, coming from the Old French garant, from the Proto Germanic war-, warn or protect. As I told you two weeks ago, war- is the origin word for warn, and is directly from wer-. A guarantee is a promise to cover. How strangely sensible.
 
Then there’s garage, yes, like you put a car in. It’s a cover of sorts, so nothing too outlandish. However garage didn’t actually show up until 1902! It’s from the French garage, which I’m going to take a wild guess and means garage, from the verb garer, to park, shelter, or even to dock ships. That’s from the Old French garir, to protect or save, from the Frankish waron, which is also from the Proto Germanic war-. A garage is a place to protect cars.
 
Now we’re going to look at overt, which is not in fact related to over. Like, at all. Overt showed up in the early fourteenth century, but it meant open or unfastened before shifting a few decades later to mean obvious or in plain view. It’s from the Old French overt (verb form ovrir, which is actually a lot like covrir, the origin for cover), and that’s actually from the classical Latin aperire, to open. So French switched the V to a P??? Anyway, aperir is from the Proto Indo European ap-wer-yo, with the ap- coming from apo-, off or away, the origin of the prefix apo- (as in apology). We know what wer- is, so the word actually means something like “cover off”, which does make sense for overt, something is obviously going to be seen when its cover is off. The whole ap- to ov- thing is stupid, though. France.
 
Next in our list of words somehow not related to over is overture, of all things. It’s actually older than overt, having shown up in the mid thirteenth century meaning an opening or aperture. In other words, it meant a hole, then meaning an introduction in the mid fifteenth century, and then in the mid seventeenth century, music started using it to mean an opening movement. The word comes from the Old French overture, from the classical Latin apertura, the origin for aperture—which didn’t come to us from French, which must be why there’s no ov-. Anyway, apertura is from aperire, which we already know. In conclusion, overture is not over + ture, it’s overt + ure.
 
Finally, the last of the words: pert. Yes, pert. Frankly, after apertura, this shouldn’t be too much of a shock, though it would be if you didn’t know the backstory. Pert showed up in the mid thirteenth century, but it meant evident or obvious. By the early fourteenth century it started to mean attractive, and then later on in the century it meant impudent. No, I don’t see that progression. The word was apert in Middle English, which was from the Old French apert, which is from the Latin aperire. I don’t know how French managed to not switch to ov- for just this word, but it did.
 
That’s all for the warn words. Now I have to think up something else…
 
Sources
Online Etymology Dictionary
Google Translate
Omniglot
University of Texas at Austin Linguistic Research Center
University of Texas at San Antonio’s page on Proto Indo European language
University of Texas at Arlington
Encyclopaedia Britannica