Yes, another
multi-parter! I love not having to come up with new ideas.
Now, I did
do a
while ago. But there’s also a prefix do-,
coming from the
Proto Indo European
do-, meaning to give, that shows up
in a
ton of things. And that’s what
we’re looking at. First, some words that actually have do- in them.
First, donor
showed up in the
mid fifteenth century,
coming from the
Anglo
French donour and
Old French
donour. Those are from the
classical Latin donatorem, which just means
donor,
from the verb
donare, which is just
donate or
endow,
and that is from the abovementioned do-. Donation’s origin is pretty similar,
also showing up in the mid fifteenth century, although back then it was spelled
donacioun because apparently people
back then thought the T making a “sh” sound was stupid. It comes from the Old
French
donacion and classical Latin
donationem, also from donare. But
amusingly enough, donate actually didn’t show up until
1819,
where it was formed from donation. I guess people didn’t donate back then, only
endow.
And speaking of
endow, it’s also from do-. Which makes sense, since do- means give. Endow
showed up in the
late fourteenth century as
indowen, from the Anglo French
endover, a mix of en- (
in)
and the Old French
douer, endow. So
it’s en-endow, I guess. Anyway, it’s from the classical Latin
dotare, which like donare also just
means
endow.
Yes, the Romans had two words for it. Dotare is also related to
dos, which means
dowry,
and yes, that’s where dowry comes from. That word actually showed up in the
fifteenth century in English, from the Anglo
French
dowarie and Old French
doaire, then before that the
Medieval
Latin dotarium and then dotare.
Next, dose. It
showed up in the
early fifteenth century from the Old French
dose and Medieval
Latin
dosis. That’s from the Greek
dosis,
a dose of medicine,
from the verb
didonai,
to give,
and that’s the one descended from do-. Wow, these words are making sense!
Speaking of
medicine, antidote is also from do-. It showed up in the
early fifteenth century, from the
Middle French antidote and classical Latin
antidote,
which meant a remedy for poison. That’s also from Greek, from
antidoton,
antidote,
and that one is from the verb
antididonai,
to give an antidote.
And as you’ll notice, didonai is in there, too. The anti- means
against,
and since we already learned that didonai means to give, the word is to give
against. In this case, against poison.
One more today,
and this one is probably going to seem strange at first. Anecdote showed up in
the
late seventeenth century, from
the French
anecdote, meaning…
anecdote.
It’s from the Medieval Latin
anecdota,
from the Greek
anekdotos,
anecdote.
The an- means
not here, and the rest is
ekdotos, which basically means
published,
so an anecdote is unpublished. The ek- in ekdotos means ex,
out, and the dotos is from didonai. An anecdote is literally “to not give out”. I
mean… I kind of get it, but not really.
Sources