It feels like I’ve been doing this series all year.
First up today, legal. It showed up in the
mid fifteenth century from the
Old French legal and
classical Latin legalis, which is just
legal. It’s from the word
lex, which means
law and is the origin word for
legitimate as well as
loyal (loyal and legal can be compared, spelling wise, to
royal and
regal). Now, you might bet thinking that lex is related to lexicon, and it is, but not as much as you might think. Like I mentioned
several weeks ago, lexicon comes from Greek, but legalis is only from (probably) the Latin verb
legere, which has also popped up in this series as the verb to read. And legere is from the
Proto Indo European leg-, collect or gather, which is also where lexicon and all the other leg words originate.
Religion is also in the leg family. Well, maybe. It showed up in
the thirteenth century with pretty much the same meaning as today, coming from the Old French
religion and classical Latin
religionem,
religion or reverence for the gods. It’s thought to be from the word
relegere,
reread, which is literally re- (
again) and legere, (to read). However there’s another theory, that religion actually comes from the same place as the word
rely, which has nothing to do with the leg- words at all!
Privilege showed up in the
mid twelfth century from the Old French
privilege and classical Latin
privilegium,
privilege. No great surprises here. It’s actually a mix of the earlier mentioned lex and the word
privus, individual, and the origin word for
private. A private law… is a privilege.
Next, diligence showed up in the
mid fourteenth century from the Old French
diligence and classical Latin
diligentia,
diligence. Boy, I’m getting repetitive today. But diligentia is from
diligere, single out, value highly… or
love. The di- comes from dis-,
apart, and legere means choose or gather here (instead of read). Gather apart to love to attentiveness. We’re getting some weird ones today.
Finally, to finish off the leg words once and for all… we have coil. Seriously. It showed up in the
early seventeenth century from the
Middle French coillir, to gather or pick, and classical Latin
colligere,
gathering. A word I actually mentioned when
I did the post on collect. And like I said then, it’s a mix of the prefix com,
together, and legere, to gather. I don’t know why it transformed into something spiraled together, but I do know that that didn’t happen until 1798! Can you believe it?
Anyway, we’re done!!! Woo!
Sources