There are a ton of words that end in -cense or -cence. Like, this is definitely a two-parter. And we’re not even getting into words like luminescence or iridescence since those are related to essence and a whole other post on their own.
License
License is kind of funny. It showed up in the
early fifteenth century as a verb that meant to grant authorization to do something. No big surprises there. But it comes from a noun that’s spelled
licence, with two C’s (which, frankly, just accentuates how stupid and redundant C is). Apparently there were tons of spellings for the word in
Middle English, including
lisence,
lissens, and
licance, which exemplifies why we had to start formalizing spellings. Anyway, licence is spelled that way because it comes from the
Old French licence, liberty, freedom, or permission, which in turn comes from the
classical Latin licentia, which
means the same thing, in other words, a license. The verb form of it,
licere (
to allow) can be traced back to the
Proto Indo European leik-, to offer or bargain. Which…makes sense, I guess.
Innocence
Innocence showed up in the
mid fourteenth century meaning specifically the “freedom from guilt or moral wrong”. It comes from the Old French
inocence, innocence, and classical Latin
innocentia/
innocens, which are just
innocence and
innocent. When you break up the word and look at its roots, it gets seven better. The in- means
not in this case, while the centia/cens part of the word comes from
nocere,
hurt. That fits since innocence is non-harming, right? Well, nocere comes from the Proto Indo European
nek-, which means…death. It’s where
necro- comes from!
Incense
Incense first showed up in the
late thirteenth century meaning something that gave off a sweet scent when burned. It comes from the Old French
encens, from the
Late Latin incensum, that which is burnt. That in turn is from the classical Latin
incendere,
to burn, which might sound an awful lot like incendiary to you. And it should, since that word is
from the same place. This time the prefix in- means
in while the rest is from
candere, shine, glow, or be on fire. And of course that’s where
candle comes from. It can also be traced all the way back to the Proto Indo European
kand-, glow or shoot out light. So light = fire = stuff burning.
TL;DR: None of these words are related. Like, at all.
Sources
Orbis Latinus