Could it be? Are we actually
looking at the last set of words descended from the Proto Indo European per-,
forward? I can’t believe it is!
First we’re going to look at
frame. Yes, like a picture frame, though that didn’t show up until the mid
seventeenth century, while when it showed up in the thirteenth century it meant to profit or to benefit, and then parts of a structure fitted together
in the fifteenth, which then started to mean an enclosing border in the
seventeenth century, and then a picture frame. The word itself is from the Old English framian,
which means to further or to profit or
benefit, and that’s from fram, which means forward or, uh, from. Yeah. Frame is from from. And from is from can be traced to per-,
we just went over it a while ago.
Next is furnish—it’s about time
these got weird. Furnish showed up in the mid fifteenth century,
coming from the Vulgar
Latin fornire/fromire, which is actually from the Germanic frumjan
and Proto
Germanic fram-, which is where frame and from come from.
I mean, I can almost see the logic of forward turning into furnish, but it’s a
hell of a walk. And of course furniture is from the same place, having shown up
in the sixteenth century meaning
the act of supplying or providing, and then starting to mean household furniture
fifty years later—interestingly, English is the only language that has this.
Other languages words for furniture are related to mobile (because you can move furniture). Anyway, it’s from
the French fourniture, supply,
from the Old
French forneture and its verb form fornir, which comes from
the same place furnish does.
Another word from furnish?
Veneer. Yes, like to cover something with a veneer. It showed up in 1702 from the German Furnier, and its verb form.
That’s actually also from fornir, meaning veneer and furnish are pretty closely
related for words that have very little in common.
Now, for the last word: fret—not
like a guitar fret, which is different, but worrying fret. It comes from the
Old English fretan, to devour, and
that’s what it meant originally, before it started to mean to worry (it does
eat away at you). Before fretan, it was the Proto Germanic fra-etan,
with the fra- meaning completely and being from per-. This is certainly
an odd one.
Sources
Online Etymology Dictionary
Google Translate
University of Texas at Austin Linguistic Research Center
University of Texas at San Antonio’s page on Proto Indo European language
Tony Jebson’s page on the Origins of Old English
Old English-English Dictionary
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Online Etymology Dictionary
Google Translate
University of Texas at Austin Linguistic Research Center
University of Texas at San Antonio’s page on Proto Indo European language
Tony Jebson’s page on the Origins of Old English
Old English-English Dictionary
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Only one with furniture? Interesting. And where did a guitar fret come from?
ReplyDeleteFurniture. Hmm.
ReplyDelete